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- <text id=90TT2493>
- <title>
- Sep. 17, 1990: The Anatomy Of Hate
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Sep. 17, 1990 The Rotting Of The Big Apple
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ESSAY, Page 88
- The Anatomy of Hate
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Lance Morrow
- </p>
- <p> The international conference on hate seemed a bravely
- ambitious proposition. Elie Wiesel's idea was to assemble the
- forces of charisma and rationality in Oslo, to focus their
- light for three days, and thus force the darkness to recede a
- little.
- </p>
- <p> It was Wiesel's moral authority that brought together Vaclav
- Havel and Nelson Mandela; Jimmy Carter and Francois Mitterrand;
- the authors Gunter Grass and Nadine Gordimer; Chai Ling and Li
- Lu, leaders of the democracy movement in Tiananmen Square--an astonishing collection of Nobel prizewinners, professors,
- rectors, saints. A man could not make his way through the SAS
- Scandinavia Hotel in Oslo without ricocheting off one paragon
- or another. Such saturations of virtue and celebrity gave me
- a jolt of anxiety: this is a perfect target for a bomb. But the
- choice of Oslo was canny. Norway has its immunities.
- </p>
- <p> Hate is difficult to discuss. The mind resists it. The
- subject is amorphous, disorderly, malignant. Presiding over the
- Oslo conference, Elie Wiesel controlled a red light on the
- podium that he used to warn a speaker when his time was up
- (even Carter got red-lighted). It was as if hatred is
- intellectually and morally such a dangerous, unmanageable mess,
- such a monster, that Wiesel, the kindest of men, had to police
- the dialogue like an anxious warden. He said he had nightmares
- about the red light.
- </p>
- <p> While wondering vaguely why hatred is not one of the Seven
- Deadly Sins (Is it covered under Wrath?) and why the Old
- Testament is so full of hate, I stared at the back of Nelson
- Mandela's head as he sat at the conference table--a nimbus
- of television light around his charcoal hair, the man enveloped
- in utter stillness, the most thorough self-possession I have
- ever beheld. Does 27 years in prison make a man so calm? As I
- listened to Gunter Grass (a stolid German with some huge
- gravity pulling him earthward) discussing the Nazis, my mind
- drifted to Vaclav Havel, who I decided is an alert woodland
- creature. Jimmy Carter shines with a likable sweetness, but he
- is tougher than you may think.
- </p>
- <p> What is hate? A "black sun," as Wiesel wrote? The image may
- give hate too much of a strange literary prestige. Black sun.
- White whale. Whatever. The reason the subject is hard to
- discuss is that hate is simultaneously a mystery and a moron.
- It seems either too profound to understand or too shallow and
- stupid to bear much analysis--a cretin with a club, violent,
- repulsive, irrational, a black intoxication, an accomplice of
- death.
- </p>
- <p> The delegates in Oslo were virtue's choir, of course, and
- they sang beautifully. If there was a hater among them, he kept
- his secret and did not stain the refulgence. Virtually the only
- controversy organized itself in a division between objectivists
- and subjectivists. The subjectivists (poets and moralists)
- looked for the seeds of hatred within the human heart. The
- objectivists (economists, historians, lawyers) dismissed such
- vaporings and located the causes of hatred in the conditions
- of peoples' lives. "Hard, visible circumstance defines
- reality," said John Kenneth Galbraith. In the past 45 years, he
- pointed out, no one has been killed, except by accident, in
- conflict between rich industrial countries. In poor nations of
- the world, millions of people have died in struggles during
- those years. "Out of poverty has come conflict." Elena Bonner,
- the widow of Andrei Sakharov, stated the objectivists' case in
- an irritable burst: "Moral concepts are lovely, but the key is
- governing these things by law."
- </p>
- <p> Vaclav Havel began by confessing an incapacity to hate--a suspect claim from most other men. "I look at hatred only as
- an observer," he said, and then proceeded to look at hatred as
- an artist does. He began with the psychology of individual
- hate: "It has a lot in common with love, chiefly with that
- self-transcending aspect of love, the fixation on others, the
- dependence on them and in fact the delegation of a piece of
- one's own identity to them...The hater longs for the object
- of his hatred."
- </p>
- <p> Hatred, Havel said, "is a diabolical attribute of the fallen
- angel: it is a state of the spirit that aspires to be God, that
- may even think it is God, and is tormented by indications that
- it is not and cannot be." The typical hater: "a serious face,
- a quickness to take offense, strong language, shouting, the
- inability to step outside himself and see his own foolishness."
- </p>
- <p> The subtitle of the conference was "Resolving Conflict
- Through Dialogue and Democracy." But neither dialogue nor
- democracy is ultimately the answer. The author Conor
- Cruise-O'Brien pointed out that Neville Chamberlain's faith in
- dialogue gave the world the appeasement at Munich. As for
- democracy, said Carter: "Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Germany
- evolved from the results of a free election. We do not like to
- remember that."
- </p>
- <p> What is the antidote? Education. Law. Justice. Charity.
- Love. I came at last to think that the subject in Oslo was not
- exactly hate, but on the dark side, evil, and on the other,
- hope. Havel said he is neither an optimist nor a pessimist: "I
- just carry hope in my heart. Hope is not a feeling of
- certainty, that everything ends well. Hope is just a feeling
- that life and work have a meaning." Hope is the thing with
- feathers. Or the thing in diapers.
- </p>
- <p> The conference dispersed. The plane climbed up from Norway
- and made its way into the thinnest, coldest air. The planet
- became a fluffy abstraction beneath the wings. Time warped. A
- man who was in Auschwitz as a boy walked down the aisle to
- borrow the Wall Street Journal. Someone told a joke about
- Eleanor Roosevelt. Survivors and ghosts at 35,000 feet--moral
- afterlives.
- </p>
- <p> My own trajectory from Oslo ended a day or so later in the
- New York City subway station where a tourist was murdered. The
- sociopaths who killed him did not hate him. Not at all. They
- wanted money to go dancing at Roseland. That blank, murderous
- absence of hate holds terrors that did not come up in Oslo.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-